{"id":2433,"date":"2025-01-20T00:00:50","date_gmt":"2025-01-19T15:00:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/?page_id=2433"},"modified":"2025-02-28T08:25:37","modified_gmt":"2025-02-27T23:25:37","slug":"vol-13-january-20-2025","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"Vol.13, January 20, 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"l-container\">\n<div class=\"l-post-content\">\n<style>\nbody {\n    width: 100%;\n    height: 100%;\n    margin: 0;\n    padding: 0;\n    background-color: #fafafa;\n}\nh1, h2, h3, h4, th, td, p, div {\n    font-family: \"Helvetica\", sans-serif;\n}\ntable tr, table th, table td {\n    border: none;\n    padding: 0;\n    margin: 0;\n    font-weight: normal;\n}\n.c-table, .l-post-content table, #tinymce.post-type-post table, #tinymce.post-type-page table, #tinymce.post-type-symposium table, #tinymce.post-type-rips_eye table, #tinymce.post-type-activity_report table, #tinymce.post-type-monthly_seminar table, #tinymce.post-type-corporate_seminar table, #tinymce.post-type-research table, #tinymce.post-type-president_column table, #tinymce.post-type-tinymcetemplates table {\n    border: none;\n    padding: 0;\n    margin: 0;\n}\n.c-table > thead > tr > th, .l-post-content table > thead > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-post table > thead > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-page table > thead > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-symposium table > thead > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-rips_eye table > thead > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-activity_report table > thead > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-monthly_seminar table > thead > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-corporate_seminar table > thead > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-research table > thead > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-president_column table > thead > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-tinymcetemplates table > thead > tr > th, .c-table > tbody > tr > th, .l-post-content table > tbody > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-post table > tbody > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-page table > tbody > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-symposium table > tbody > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-rips_eye table > tbody > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-activity_report table > tbody > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-monthly_seminar table > tbody > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-corporate_seminar table > tbody > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-research table > tbody > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-president_column table > tbody > tr > th, #tinymce.post-type-tinymcetemplates table > tbody > tr > th, .c-table > tbody > tr > td, .l-post-content table > tbody > tr > td, #tinymce.post-type-post table > tbody > tr > td, #tinymce.post-type-page table > tbody > tr > td, #tinymce.post-type-symposium table > tbody > tr > td, #tinymce.post-type-rips_eye table > tbody > tr > td, #tinymce.post-type-activity_report table > tbody > tr > td, #tinymce.post-type-monthly_seminar table > tbody > tr > td, #tinymce.post-type-corporate_seminar table > tbody > tr > td, #tinymce.post-type-research table > tbody > tr > td, #tinymce.post-type-president_column table > tbody > tr > td, #tinymce.post-type-tinymcetemplates table > tbody > tr > td {\n    border: none;\n    padding: 0;\n    margin: 0;\n}\nhr, .hr {\n    border: none;\n    border-bottom: 1px solid #000;\n    margin-left: 0;\n    margin-right: 0;\n    max-width: none;\n    margin-top: 10px;\n    margin-bottom: 10px;\n}\ncenter {\n    word-break: break-all;\n}\ncenter .table-base {\n    border-collapse: collapse;\n    height: 100%;\n    margin: 0;\n    padding: 0;\n    width: 100%;\n    background-color: #fafafa;\n}\ncenter .table-inner {\n    border-collapse: collapse;\n    border: 0;\n    width: 100%;\n    max-width: 600px;\n}\ncenter img {\n    width: 100%;\n    max-width: 100%;\n    height: auto;\n}\ncenter ul {\n    display: block;\n}\ncenter li {\n    display: block;\n}\n.table-box {\n    width: 100%;\n    overflow-x: auto;<\/p>\n<p>}\n.table-box table {\n    width: 100%;\n    display: block;\n}\n<\/style>\n<p><center><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" style=\"max-width:450.0pt;border-collapse:collapse; background-color: #FFFFFF;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"padding:6.75pt 0mm 0mm 0mm;background:cover no-repeat rgb(255,255,255)\">\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"100%\" style=\"width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width:100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"padding:6.75pt 0mm 0mm 0mm;min-width:100%\">\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"left\" width=\"100%\" style=\"width:100.0%;background:white;border-collapse:collapse;min-width:100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"padding:0mm 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;min-width:100%\">\n<h1 align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center;line-height:25.2pt\"><span style=\"font-size:18.0pt;color:#202020\">Vol.13, January 20, 2025<\/span><\/h1>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent:10.0pt;line-height:18.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">What is happening in East Asian Maritime Security? The Research Institute for Peace and Security (RIPS) publishes the biweekly newsletter,<br \/>\n the information on maritime security relevant to East Asia and Japan&#8217;s territory.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:0mm 0mm 0mm 0mm;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:0mm 0mm 0mm 0mm;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"FR\" style=\"color:black;letter-spacing:.2pt\">&nbsp;<\/span><b><span lang=\"FR\" style=\"font-size:16.0pt;color:black;letter-spacing:.2pt\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/b><b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:16.0pt;color:black\">Monthly Column<br \/>\n<\/span><\/b><b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:16.0pt;\"><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:16.0pt;color:black\">by<br \/>\n<\/span><\/b><b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:16.0pt;\"><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:16.0pt;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:16.0pt;color:black\">TAKEI Tomohisa<\/span><\/b><b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:16.0pt;\"><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:16.0pt;color:black\">Admiral (Ret.), Former Chief of Staff, Maritime Self-Defense Force<\/span><\/b><b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:16.0pt;\"><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:16.0pt;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:16.0pt;color:black\">The Lack of Domestic Laws to Protect Maritime Interests is a Weak Link in Japan\u2019s Maritime Security<\/span><\/b><b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:16.0pt;\"><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:16.0pt;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">According to media reports, on December 25th 2024, it was revealed that a buoy with Chinese writing on it had been placed approximately 14km inside Japan&#8217;s exclusive economic<br \/>\n zone (EEZ), about 140km southwest of Hateruma Island in Okinawa Prefecture.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">As with the buoy placed near the Senkaku Islands in July 2023, the Japanese government has taken the position that &#8220;the installation of structures in Japan&#8217;s EEZ without consent<br \/>\n violates the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)&#8221; and has demanded their immediate removal through diplomatic channels. In addition, on December 25, Foreign Minister Takeshi Iwaya, who was visiting Beijing, made it clear<br \/>\n at a press conference after his meeting with Foreign Minister Wang Yi that he had demanded the immediate removal of the new buoy.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">At a press conference on December 27, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Mao Ning claimed that \u201cthe buoy placed in the sea area under China&#8217;s jurisdiction is for the purpose<br \/>\n of meteorological observation and is reasonable and legal,\u201d and indicated that they would not respond to requests for immediate removal. *1<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">The day after the installation of the buoy was reported, a Taiwan Coast Guard officer posted at the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in Tokyo told me, \u201cThis<br \/>\n buoy is illegally laid within Taiwan&#8217;s EEZ.\u201d<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">In short, Japan, China and Taiwan each claim that the buoy reported on December 25 is within their own EEZ. The arguments of the three countries are not wrong from their own<br \/>\n perspective, and therefore they will never meet.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">In the end, the buoy off Hateruma Island will not be forcibly removed by the Japanese Government in the same way as the buoy off the Senkaku Islands. The reason for this is<br \/>\n that a combination of the following factors makes it difficult for the Japanese Government to make a policy decision.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">Firstly, the three parties have not been able to reach an agreement on jurisdiction over territorial waters, EEZs and continental shelves based on UNCLOS. Japan and China ratified<br \/>\n UNCLOS in 1996. In addition, China submitted a declaration regarding UNCLOS on August 25, 2006, and Article 2 of this declaration states that \u201cThe People&#8217;s Republic of China will effect, through consultations, the delimitation of the maritime jurisdiction<br \/>\n with the states with coasts opposite or adjacent to China respectively on the basis of international law and in accordance with the equitable principle.\u201d*2 However, negotiations with Japan have made no progress at all.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">The main reason is in China. First, China claimed &#8220;sovereignty&#8221; over the Senkaku Islands after it was pointed out in 1968 that there was a possibility that oil resources were<br \/>\n buried in the waters around the Senkaku Islands. China had never before challenged Japan&#8217;s sovereignty over the islands, and the Senkaku Islands are Japan&#8217;s inherent territory both historically and in practice, so China&#8217;s argument has no basis.*3 Similarly,<br \/>\n due to possibility of rich deposits of undersea resources in the Okinawa Trough, and China is attempting to demarcate its continental shelf along a line much closer to Japan than the Japan-China median line, which conflicts with Japan&#8217;s claim that the Nansei<br \/>\n Islands are on the edge of the continental shelf extending from the Eurasian continent and that the continental shelf in the East China Sea should therefore be demarcated along the median line.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">What complicates the situation is that China declared in 2006 in Article 2 of the Declaration: &#8220;The People&#8217;s Republic of China reaffirms its sovereignty over all its archipelagos<br \/>\n and islands as listed in Article 2 of the Law of the People&#8217;s Republic of China on the Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone promulgated on February 25, 1992&#8221;.&nbsp; China has stipulated that the \u201cislands\u201d in Article 2 of the Law include the Senkaku Islands (Diaoyu<br \/>\n Island, as claimed by China) along with the islands of the South China Sea.*4&nbsp; In other words, in order to delineate territorial waters and EEZs based on UNCLOS, the declaration is an obstacle, and it is a precondition that China either rewrites its laws and<br \/>\n stops claiming the Senkaku Islands, or that Japan recognizes China&#8217;s claims.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">In 2013, the first year of the Xi Jinping administration, the Chinese government added the Senkaku Islands to its list of core interests. Since then, any concession to Japan<br \/>\n over the Senkaku Islands has become an issue that directly affects President Xi Jinping&#8217;s political legitimacy. In other words, there is almost no chance that Japan and China will reach an agreement on the delimitation of the East China Sea in the foreseeable<br \/>\n future.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">Secondly, because Taiwan is not a member of UNCLOS and does not have diplomatic relations with Japan, Japan and Taiwan cannot conduct the diplomatic negotiations necessary for<br \/>\n delimitation. Of course, even if a country is not a member of UNCLOS or does not have formal diplomatic relations with Japan, it is still possible to delimit the EEZ between the two.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">In this case, however, there would be a discrepancy with the 1972 Japan-China Joint Communiqu\u00e9. From China&#8217;s point of view, Taiwan is part of China, and the decision on the<br \/>\n delimitation of the EEZ off Hateruma Island will be made by China, and Taiwan has no right to be at the negotiating table. But although the Japanese government understands and respects the Chinese government&#8217;s position that Taiwan is part of China, from the<br \/>\n standpoint of upholding the Potsdam Declaration, it hasn&#8217;t mentioned the issue of Taiwan&#8217;s diplomatic status. In addition, the Chinese government does not actually control Taiwan or the waters surrounding Taiwan, so negotiations between the Japanese government<br \/>\n and the Chinese government would be ineffective.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">Thirdly, even if Japan is able to exercise its jurisdiction over the EEZ off Hateruma Island, there are no provisions in Japanese domestic law that explicitly state the legal<br \/>\n interests that should be protected as a reason for removing buoys that have been placed in the EEZ without permission, and therefore the government ministry with jurisdiction is also unclear, making it difficult to remove them. According to media reports,<br \/>\n the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has stated that the removal of the buoy is a &#8220;legal gray area,\u201d*5 but this is believed to be a statement that takes into account the fact that UNCLOS does not have clear provisions on what physical measures concerned countries<br \/>\n are allowed to take against countries that violate the treaty, such as the installation of the buoy in this case, and that Japan also currently lacks laws to protect the rights allowed under UNCLOS.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">The current situation, in which domestic laws protecting the rights recognized by UNCLOS have yet to be enacted, is the greatest vulnerability for Japan&#8217;s maritime security.<br \/>\n International law scholar Atsuko Kanehara has long been sounding the alarm over Japan&#8217;s lack of a law on the protection of territorial waters and the absence of a legal definition of the protected interests in territorial waters, even for areas more important<br \/>\n than the EEZ.*6 The Japanese government should urgently enact the necessary legislation to remedy this weakness.<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:20.0pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">Note<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;layout-grid-mode:char\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">*1<\/span><span style=\"color:black\">\u300c\u4e2d\u56fd \u65e5\u672c\u306e<span lang=\"EN-US\">EEZ<\/span>\u5185\u306b\u30d6\u30a4\u8a2d\u7f6e \u65e5\u672c\u5074\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u5373\u6642\u64a4\u53bb\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305a<span lang=\"EN-US\">[China has refused to comply<br \/>\n with Japan&#8217;s request for the immediate removal of a buoy it placed in Japan&#8217;s EEZ.]<\/span>\u300d<span lang=\"EN-US\">NHK Web, December 28, 2024,<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www3.nhk.or.jp\/news\/html\/20241228\/k10014681601000.html\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www3.nhk.or.jp\/news\/html\/20241228\/k10014681601000.html&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1739864461061000&amp;usg=AOvVaw3AwZt3JtOhkJVAWCbkEdDo\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color:#0563c1\">https:\/\/www3.nhk.or.jp\/news\/<wbr>html\/20241228\/k10014681601000.<wbr>html<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">&nbsp;<br \/>\n<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;layout-grid-mode:char\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">*2 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Chapter XXI LAW OF THE SEA, The United Nations Treaty Collection,<br \/>\n<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;layout-grid-mode:char\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><a href=\"https:\/\/treaties.un.org\/pages\/ViewDetailsIII.aspx?src=TREATY&amp;mtdsg_no=XXI-6&amp;chapter=21&amp;Temp=mtdsg3&amp;clang=_en#EndDec\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/treaties.un.org\/pages\/ViewDetailsIII.aspx?src%3DTREATY%26mtdsg_no%3DXXI-6%26chapter%3D21%26Temp%3Dmtdsg3%26clang%3D_en%23EndDec&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1739864461061000&amp;usg=AOvVaw3kQBaYUxtu6TYmwL8H2Tt2\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/treaties.un.org\/pages\/<wbr>ViewDetailsIII.aspx?src=<wbr>TREATY&amp;mtdsg_no=XXI-6&amp;chapter=<wbr>21&amp;Temp=mtdsg3&amp;clang=_en#<wbr>EndDec<\/a><br \/>\n<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;layout-grid-mode:char\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">*3<\/span><span style=\"color:black\">\u5916\u52d9\u7701<span lang=\"EN-US\">[Ministry Foreign Affairs Japan]<\/span>\u300c\u5c16\u95a3\u8af8\u5cf6\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\uff13\u3064\u306e\u771f\u5b9f<span lang=\"EN-US\">{Three<br \/>\n facts regarding the Senkaku Islands}<\/span>\u300d<span lang=\"EN-US\">, November 2012, <\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mofa.go.jp\/mofaj\/area\/senkaku\/pdfs\/3shinjitu.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.mofa.go.jp\/mofaj\/area\/senkaku\/pdfs\/3shinjitu.pdf&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1739864461061000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1mRRyovG5RV-WUwqQLI1US\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color:#0563c1\">https:\/\/www.mofa.go.jp\/mofaj\/<wbr>area\/senkaku\/pdfs\/3shinjitu.<wbr>pdf<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;layout-grid-mode:char\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">*4 Law of the People&#8217;s Republic of China on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone, China<\/span><span style=\"color:black\">\u2019<span lang=\"EN-US\">s<br \/>\n Leader in Online Legal Research, <\/span><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lawinfochina.com\/display.aspx?lib=law&amp;id=670\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.lawinfochina.com\/display.aspx?lib%3Dlaw%26id%3D670&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1739864461061000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0YQ6zzRGWzW2KoWz1XPdbC\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color:#0563c1\">https:\/\/www.lawinfochina.com\/<wbr>display.aspx?lib=law&amp;id=670<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;layout-grid-mode:char\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">*5<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color:black\">\u9ad8\u6a4b\u674f\u7483<span lang=\"EN-US\">[Anri Takahashi],<br \/>\n<\/span>\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u30d6\u30a4<span lang=\"EN-US\">10<\/span>\u30ab\u6708\u7d4c\u3064\u3082\u653e\u7f6e\u3000\u5c16\u95a3\u5468\u8fba\u300c\u6cd5\u7684\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u300d\u306b\u82e6\u616e\u3059\u308b\u65e5\u672c<span lang=\"EN-US\">[China&#8217;s buoy left for 10 months, Japan struggling with<br \/>\n<\/span>\u2018<span lang=\"EN-US\">legal gray<\/span>\u2019<span lang=\"EN-US\"> waters around Senkaku]<\/span>\u201d<span lang=\"EN-US\">, Asahishinbun Digital, May 8, 2024,<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.asahi.com\/articles\/ASS572QBTS57UTFK00LM.html\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.asahi.com\/articles\/ASS572QBTS57UTFK00LM.html&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1739864461061000&amp;usg=AOvVaw2HMqn9CKCL3sIUcdoCdr6N\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color:#0563c1\">https:\/\/www.asahi.com\/<wbr>articles\/ASS572QBTS57UTFK00LM.<wbr>html<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;layout-grid-mode:char\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">*6<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color:black\">\u517c\u539f\u6566\u5b50<span lang=\"EN-US\">[Atsuko Kanehara],<br \/>\n<\/span>\u201c\u9818\u6d77\u8b66\u5099\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308b\u6cd5\u6574\u5099\u306e\u63d0\u8a00<span lang=\"EN-US\">[Proposal for the development of legislation for territorial waters security]<\/span>\u201d<span lang=\"EN-US\">,<br \/>\n<\/span>\u4e0a\u667a\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u8ad6\u96c6\u7b2c<span lang=\"EN-US\">65<\/span>\u5dfb\u7b2c<span lang=\"EN-US\">4<\/span>\u53f7<span lang=\"EN-US\">[Volume 65, Number 4 of the Sophia Law Review ], March 20, 2022,<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><a href=\"https:\/\/digital-archives.sophia.ac.jp\/repository\/view\/repository\/20220602003\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/digital-archives.sophia.ac.jp\/repository\/view\/repository\/20220602003&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1739864461061000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0omuhb2VubwD9PydxF2irY\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color:#0563c1\">https:\/\/digital-archives.<wbr>sophia.ac.jp\/repository\/view\/<wbr>repository\/20220602003<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;layout-grid-mode:char\">\n<b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:11.0pt;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"left\" style=\"background:white;border-collapse:collapse\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"padding:0mm 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;\">\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"left\" style=\"background:white;border-collapse:collapse\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"padding:0mm 13.5pt 0mm 13.5pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center;line-height:27.0pt\">\n<b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:15.0pt;color:#202020\">Statistical Data and Analysis<\/span><\/b><b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:16.0pt;color:black\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:16.0pt;color:black\">(as of January 19)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:0mm 0mm 0mm 0mm;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"padding:0mm 13.5pt 0mm 13.5pt;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"padding:0mm 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:18.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0mm;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">During the year-end and New Year&#8217;s period, Chinese military vessels and<br \/>\n<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">Chinese Coast Guard vessels<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><br \/>\n have been continuously observed in the waters around Japan while Japan-China Foreign Minister\u2019s meeting was held in late December. In this period some events were newly reported. Coordinated activities between<br \/>\n<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">Chinese Navy and Chinese Coast Guard were reported in the area between Okinawa Island and Miyako Island. Four Chinese Coast Guard\u2019s vessels all equipped with 76mm guns<br \/>\n entered the contiguous zones around the Senkakus. <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">These two events are worth noting.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:18.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0mm;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">The number of days that Chinese Coast Guard\u2019s vessels entering the contiguous zones around the Senkakus in the last year hit 355 days. This is the highest frequency in a single<br \/>\n year since the nationalization of the Senkaku Islands.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:18.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0mm;text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:18.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">[Statistical Data as of January 19]<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"padding:0mm 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:18.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0mm;text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">Japan Coast Guard (JCG) daily updates the statistical data on the number of China Coast Guard vessels entering in the contiguous zone around<br \/>\n the Senkaku Islands and intruding into Japanese territorial waters. The below is from the website of JCG.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:18.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0mm;text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<u><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">(<\/span><\/u><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kaiho.mlit.go.jp\/mission\/senkaku\/senkaku.html\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.kaiho.mlit.go.jp\/mission\/senkaku\/senkaku.html&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1739864461061000&amp;usg=AOvVaw2p1y4ZlFElPRMpJVJPbSK4\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color:#0563c1\">https:\/\/www.kaiho.mlit.go.jp\/<wbr>mission\/senkaku\/senkaku.html<\/span><\/a><\/span><u><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">)<\/span><\/u><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:18.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0mm;text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<u><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\"><span style=\"text-decoration:none\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/u><\/p>\n<div class=\"table-box\">\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt; width: 16.66%;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">Dec.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt; width: 16.66%;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">Contiguous zone<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt; width: 16.66%;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">Territorial<br \/>\nsea<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt; width: 16.66%;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">Dec.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt; width: 16.66%;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">Contiguous zone<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt; width: 16.66%;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">Territorial<br \/>\n<br \/>\nsea<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">27<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">28<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">29<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">10<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">30<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">11<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">31<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">12<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">Jan<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" valign=\"top\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;white-space: break-spaces;\">Contiguous zone<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" valign=\"top\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;white-space: break-spaces;\">Territorial<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">13<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">14<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">15<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">16<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">17<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">18<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">19<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td nowrap=\"\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0mm 4.95pt 0mm 4.95pt;\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:6.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:6.0pt;text-align:center\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:18.0pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:0mm;text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<u><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\"><span style=\"text-decoration:none\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/u><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"left\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\" valign=\"top\" style=\"border-top:solid white 1.0pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background:#a5e9ff;padding:3.75pt 13.5pt 3.75pt 13.5pt\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">Date<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"border:none;border-top:solid white 1.0pt;background:#eeeeee;padding:3.75pt 13.5pt 3.75pt 13.5pt\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">Topics<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"border-top:solid white 1.0pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background:#a5e9ff;padding:3.75pt 13.5pt 3.75pt 13.5pt\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">1\/1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:none;border-top:solid white 1.0pt;background:#eeeeee;padding:0mm 0mm 0mm 0mm\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">According to several Japanese government officials, Chinese Navy and Chinese Coast Guard conducted coordinated activities that could be taken as an exercise for a maritime<br \/>\n blockade toward Taiwan in the area between Okinawa Island and Miyako Island in December of last year. These activities were confirmed for the first time in this area.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:15.75pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">According to the same source, four Chinese Coast Guard\u2019s vessels equipped with 76mm guns entered the contiguous zones around the Senkakus on December 6 of last year. This<br \/>\n is the first time that all four vessels were heavily armed with 76mm guns.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">______________________________<wbr>__________<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">Yomiuri News (Japanese)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yomiuri.co.jp\/national\/20241231-OYT1T50105\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.yomiuri.co.jp\/national\/20241231-OYT1T50105\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1739864461062000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0Eop1yE0uJtfDh0qmhW5L0\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color:#0563c1\">https:\/\/www.yomiuri.co.jp\/<wbr>national\/20241231-OYT1T50105\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"border-top:solid white 1.0pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background:#a5e9ff;padding:3.75pt 13.5pt 3.75pt 13.5pt\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">1\/4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:none;border-top:solid white 1.0pt;background:#eeeeee;padding:0mm 0mm 0mm 0mm\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:15.75pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">The number of days that Chinese Coast Guard\u2019s vessels entering the contiguous zones around the Senkakus had reached 355 days in 2024. This is the highest frequency in a single<br \/>\n year since the nationalization of the Senkaku Islands.&nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"color:#202020\">\u3000<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">______________________________<wbr>__________<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">Sankei News (Japanese)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sankei.com\/article\/20250104-3A3R46TIN5CM5OL5H3JGIF7E6I\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.sankei.com\/article\/20250104-3A3R46TIN5CM5OL5H3JGIF7E6I\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1739864461062000&amp;usg=AOvVaw3bvaX40pMgQiwJSyA5A4Vs\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color:#0563c1\">https:\/\/www.sankei.com\/<wbr>article\/20250104-<wbr>3A3R46TIN5CM5OL5H3JGIF7E6I\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"border-top:solid white 1.0pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background:#a5e9ff;padding:3.75pt 13.5pt 3.75pt 13.5pt\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">1\/6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:none;border-top:solid white 1.0pt;background:#eeeeee;padding:0mm 0mm 0mm 0mm\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:18.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">Japan Maritime Self-Defense Forces (JMSDF) has confirmed two Chinese Naval vessels: the Luyang<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color:#202020\">\u2162<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">class destroyer (hull number 134) and Sovremennyy class destroyer (hull number 136) sailing<br \/>\n south in the waters 110 km northeast of Miyako Island on January 2. These vessels then crossed the Miyako strait and navigated to the Pacific Ocean.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:24.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<table cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" align=\"left\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><img src=\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image003.jpg\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span style=\"color:#202020\">\u3000<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">(Source: Japan Joint Staff)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">______________________________<wbr>__________<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">Japan Joint Staff&nbsp;<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:15.75pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mod.go.jp\/js\/pdf\/2025\/p20250106_01.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.mod.go.jp\/js\/pdf\/2025\/p20250106_01.pdf&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1739864461062000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0KiuZre5xsycpMFaU_ospP\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color:#0563c1\">https:\/\/www.mod.go.jp\/js\/pdf\/<wbr>2025\/p20250106_01.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:15.75pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span style=\"color:#202020\">\uff08<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">Source: Japan Joint Staff<\/span><span style=\"color:#202020\">\uff09<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:15.75pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">______________________________<wbr>__________<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:15.75pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">Japan Joint Staff<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:15.75pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mod.go.jp\/js\/pdf\/2025\/p20250106_02.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.mod.go.jp\/js\/pdf\/2025\/p20250106_02.pdf&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1739864461062000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1KZ0fy8JspLptddc2dj6z-\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color:#0563c1\">https:\/\/www.mod.go.jp\/js\/pdf\/<wbr>2025\/p20250106_02.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"border:solid white 1.0pt;border-left:none;background:#a5e9ff;padding:3.75pt 13.5pt 3.75pt 13.5pt\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">1\/6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-top:solid white 1.0pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:none;background:#eeeeee;padding:0mm 0mm 0mm 0mm\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:10.5pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">JMSDF has confirmed one Chinese Dongdiao class Intelligence ship (hull number 796) sailing west in the waters 70km northeast of Tanegashima Island (Kagoshima Prefecture) on<br \/>\n January 5. This vessel then crossed the Osumi Strait and navigated to the East China Sea.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:6.0pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span><img src=\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image015.jpg\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">(Source: Japan Joint Staff)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">______________________________<wbr>__________<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">Japan Joint Staff<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mod.go.jp\/js\/pdf\/2025\/p20250106_02.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.mod.go.jp\/js\/pdf\/2025\/p20250106_02.pdf&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1739864461062000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1KZ0fy8JspLptddc2dj6z-\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color:#0563c1\">https:\/\/www.mod.go.jp\/js\/pdf\/<wbr>2025\/p20250106_02.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"border:none;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background:#a5e9ff;padding:3.75pt 13.5pt 3.75pt 13.5pt\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">1\/6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background:#eeeeee;padding:0mm 0mm 0mm 0mm\">\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"left\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"padding:3.75pt 13.5pt 0mm 13.5pt\">\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"padding:0mm 13.5pt 0mm 13.5pt\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:11.1pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black;letter-spacing:.6pt\">Japan Ministry of Defense announced on January 6 North Korea launched at least one ballistic missile into the Sea of Japan. The ballistic missile was estimated<br \/>\n to have flown about 1,100 km at a maximum altitude of about 100 km and fell into the Sea of Japan outside Japan&#8217;s exclusive economic zone (EEZ).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\"><img id=\"m_8312002943416908048m_-8942376706285001834\u56f3_x0020_1\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image013.jpg\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">(Source: Japan MoD)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">______________________________<wbr>__________<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;text-align:justify\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"\">Japan MoD<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;text-align:justify\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mod.go.jp\/j\/press\/news\/2025\/01\/06c.html\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.mod.go.jp\/j\/press\/news\/2025\/01\/06c.html&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1739864461062000&amp;usg=AOvVaw2dyzLVA2xtbZi5fmM-1nff\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color:#0563c1\">https:\/\/www.mod.go.jp\/j\/press\/<wbr>news\/2025\/01\/06c.html<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"border:solid white 1.0pt;border-left:none;background:#a5e9ff;padding:3.75pt 13.5pt 3.75pt 13.5pt\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">1\/7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border-top:solid white 1.0pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:none;background:#eeeeee;padding:0mm 0mm 0mm 0mm\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:15.75pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">Taiwan&#8217;s Coast Guard announced on January 6 that a cargo ship with Chinese nationals on board is suspected of damaging undersea cables in the waters north of Taiwan. According<br \/>\n to the announcement, a Cameroon-flag cargo ship is suspected of damaging undersea cables in the waters north of Taiwan on January 3, and is being investigated. The owner of the cargo ship is Hong Kong-registered and all seven crew members are Chinese. Taiwan\u2019s<br \/>\n authorities said they cannot rule out the possibility that the damage is the result of &#8220;gray zone&#8221; operations by China. Taiwanese media reported that the cargo ship is suspected of having lowered its anchor when it sailed through the area of the site.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">______________________________<wbr>__________<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">NHK News (Japanese)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www3.nhk.or.jp\/news\/html\/20250107\/k10014686421000.html\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www3.nhk.or.jp\/news\/html\/20250107\/k10014686421000.html&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1739864461062000&amp;usg=AOvVaw2LNeZfGcujIq_AWjuH5wzl\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color:#0563c1\">https:\/\/www3.nhk.or.jp\/news\/<wbr>html\/20250107\/k10014686421000.<wbr>html<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background:#a5e9ff;padding:3.75pt 13.5pt 3.75pt 13.5pt\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">1\/14<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;background:#eeeeee;padding:0mm 0mm 0mm 0mm\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:15.75pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">South Korea&#8217;s military says North Korea launched multiple short-range ballistic missiles eastward on January 14. The South Korean Joint Chiefs of Staff says it detected the<br \/>\n launch at around 9:30 a.m. on That day from the Ganggye area in North Korea&#8217;s northern province of Jagang. The missiles flew toward the Sea of Japan. The JCS says they flew about 250 kilometers before falling into the sea.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">______________________________<wbr>__________<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">NHK World News (English)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:black\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www3.nhk.or.jp\/nhkworld\/en\/news\/20250114_17\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www3.nhk.or.jp\/nhkworld\/en\/news\/20250114_17\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1739864461062000&amp;usg=AOvVaw3KJ9F10tiirgxoIcSYS0p7\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color:#0563c1\">https:\/\/www3.nhk.or.jp\/<wbr>nhkworld\/en\/news\/20250114_17\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" style=\"border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;border-right:solid white 1.0pt;background:#a5e9ff;padding:3.75pt 13.5pt 3.75pt 13.5pt\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:justify;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">1\/14<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:none;border-bottom:solid white 1.0pt;background:#eeeeee;padding:0mm 0mm 0mm 0mm\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:15.75pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">Japan Joint Staff confirmed one Chinese UAV (estimated) flying from East China Sea to the Pacific Ocean through the area between Yonaguni island and Taiwan on January 14.<br \/>\n This Chinese UAV (estimated) then turned over the Pacific Ocean and flew to East China Sea through the area between Yonaguni island and Taiwan again. (Red line in the below chart)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\">&nbsp; Japan Joint Staff also confirmed another Chinese UAV (estimated), flying from the Pacific Ocean to East China Sea through the area between Yonaguni island and Taiwan in<br \/>\n another time of the same day. (Yellow line in the below chart)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-right:12.0pt;margin-bottom:0mm;margin-left:12.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:5.25pt;line-height:16.8pt\">\n<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color:#202020\"><img id=\"m_8312002943416908048m_-8942376706285001834\u56f3_x0020_16\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image014-1.png\"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/center>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Newsletter Registration<\/h3>\n<p>What is happening in East Asian Maritime Security? The Research Institute for Peace and Security (RIPS) publishes the biweekly newsletter, \u201cEast Asian Maritime Security (EAMS)\u201d and updates the information on maritime security relevant to East Asia and Japan&#8217;s territory.<\/p>\n<div class=\"u-mbs is-top mw-400\">\n  <a class=\"c-button\" href=\"https:\/\/forms.gle\/CiMT6bWdHrryT8mM6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>Registration Form<\/span><\/a>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vol.13, January 20, 2025 What is happening in East Asian Maritime Security? The Research Institute for Peace and Security (RIPS) publishes the biweekly newsletter, the information on maritime security relevant to East Asia and Japan&#8217;s territory. &nbsp; &nbsp; Monthly Column by &nbsp; TAKEI Tomohisa Admiral (Ret.), Former Chief of Staff, Maritime Self-Defense Force &nbsp; The Lack of Domestic Laws to Protect Maritime Interests is a Weak Link in Japan\u2019s Maritime Security &nbsp; According to media reports, on December 25th 2024, &hellip; <span>More<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":2309,"menu_order":32,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Vol.13, January 20, 2025 - RIPS - Research Institute for Peace and Security -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u300cVol.13, January 20, 2025 \u300d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3054\u7d39\u4ecb\u3044\u305f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002- RIPS - Research Institute for Peace and Security - The Research Institute for Peace and Security (RIPS) is Japan\u2019s first nonprofit, private think tank. It was established in October 1978 and has a research history of more than 45 years.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vol.13, January 20, 2025 - RIPS - Research Institute for Peace and Security -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u300cVol.13, January 20, 2025 \u300d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3054\u7d39\u4ecb\u3044\u305f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002- RIPS - Research Institute for Peace and Security - The Research Institute for Peace and Security (RIPS) is Japan\u2019s first nonprofit, private think tank. It was established in October 1978 and has a research history of more than 45 years.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"RIPS - Research Institute for Peace and Security -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-02-27T23:25:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image003.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"12 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/\",\"name\":\"RIPS - Research Institute for Peace and Security -\",\"description\":\"The Research Institute for Peace and Security (RIPS) is Japan\\u2019s first nonprofit, private think tank. It was established in October 1978 and has a research history of more than 45 years.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image003.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image003.jpg\",\"width\":504,\"height\":159},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/\",\"name\":\"Vol.13, January 20, 2025 - RIPS - Research Institute for Peace and Security -\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-19T15:00:50+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-02-27T23:25:37+00:00\",\"description\":\"\\u300cVol.13, January 20, 2025 \\u300d\\u306b\\u3064\\u3044\\u3066\\u3054\\u7d39\\u4ecb\\u3044\\u305f\\u3057\\u307e\\u3059\\u3002- RIPS - Research Institute for Peace and Security - The Research Institute for Peace and Security (RIPS) is Japan\\u2019s first nonprofit, private think tank. It was established in October 1978 and has a research history of more than 45 years.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"HOME\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"East Asian Maritime Security\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Vol.13, January 20, 2025\"}]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Vol.13, January 20, 2025 - RIPS - Research Institute for Peace and Security -","description":"\u300cVol.13, January 20, 2025 \u300d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3054\u7d39\u4ecb\u3044\u305f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002- RIPS - Research Institute for Peace and Security - The Research Institute for Peace and Security (RIPS) is Japan\u2019s first nonprofit, private think tank. It was established in October 1978 and has a research history of more than 45 years.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Vol.13, January 20, 2025 - RIPS - Research Institute for Peace and Security -","og_description":"\u300cVol.13, January 20, 2025 \u300d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3054\u7d39\u4ecb\u3044\u305f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002- RIPS - Research Institute for Peace and Security - The Research Institute for Peace and Security (RIPS) is Japan\u2019s first nonprofit, private think tank. It was established in October 1978 and has a research history of more than 45 years.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/","og_site_name":"RIPS - Research Institute for Peace and Security -","article_modified_time":"2025-02-27T23:25:37+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image003.jpg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"12 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/","name":"RIPS - Research Institute for Peace and Security -","description":"The Research Institute for Peace and Security (RIPS) is Japan\u2019s first nonprofit, private think tank. It was established in October 1978 and has a research history of more than 45 years.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/#primaryimage","inLanguage":"en-US","url":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image003.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/image003.jpg","width":504,"height":159},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/#webpage","url":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/","name":"Vol.13, January 20, 2025 - RIPS - Research Institute for Peace and Security -","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/#primaryimage"},"datePublished":"2025-01-19T15:00:50+00:00","dateModified":"2025-02-27T23:25:37+00:00","description":"\u300cVol.13, January 20, 2025 \u300d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3054\u7d39\u4ecb\u3044\u305f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002- RIPS - Research Institute for Peace and Security - The Research Institute for Peace and Security (RIPS) is Japan\u2019s first nonprofit, private think tank. It was established in October 1978 and has a research history of more than 45 years.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/vol-13-january-20-2025\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"HOME","item":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"East Asian Maritime Security","item":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/newsletter\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Vol.13, January 20, 2025"}]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2433"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2433"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2433\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2463,"href":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2433\/revisions\/2463"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2309"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rips.or.jp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2433"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}